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Cryptocoryne affinis

Malaysian Water Trumpet

Image of Cryptocoryne affinis

Scientific Classification

Kingdom:Plantae
Phylum:Tracheophytes
Class:Liliopsida
Order:Alismatales
Family:Araceae
Genus:Cryptocoryne
Species:affinis
IUCN Status:Vulnerable

Quick Stats

DifficultyMedium
Environment
Freshwater
Temperature22-28°C
pH Level6.5 - 8
Water Hardness90 - 270 ppm
GrowthSlow
LightingLow - Medium
Max Height15-40cm
PlacementMidground
CO2 RequirementsLow
Water FlowLow Flow

Aquarium Building Information

Max Height15-40 cm
PlacementMidground
LightingLow - Medium
GrowthSlow
CO2 RequirementsLow
Water FlowLow Flow
SubstrateSand, Gravel, Soil
Attachment Methodsubstrate
Oxygen ProductionMedium
Waste reductionMedium

About This Species

Basic Description
The Malaysian Water Trumpet is an attractive aquatic plant from Asia, appreciated for its distinctive foliage and adaptable nature in freshwater aquariums. As a root-feeding plant, it thrives when planted in a quality substrate where it can establish a strong root system. Its growth is generally slow and steady, making it a low-maintenance choice once established. This species is an excellent addition to the middle sections of an aquarium, where it can grow to a moderate height, creating a lush, natural-looking environment. While it is quite resilient, it does best in stable water conditions and can be sensitive to sudden changes in its environment. It's a great option for aquarists looking to add classic greenery without the need for high-tech equipment, as it does not demand intense lighting or carbon dioxide supplementation to grow well. Its presence helps improve water quality by absorbing nitrates and other waste products, contributing to a healthier ecosystem for fish and other inhabitants.
Detailed Description
The Malaysian Water Trumpet, known to science as Cryptocoryne affinis, is a classic and rewarding, albeit moderately challenging, species for the dedicated aquarist. Its 'medium' difficulty rating stems primarily from its sensitivity to environmental instability, which can trigger a phenomenon known as 'Crypt melt.' During a melt, the plant may shed all its leaves in response to being moved or a sudden shift in water chemistry, temperature, or lighting. However, a healthy rhizome will almost always regrow new leaves once it has acclimated. This species is a heavy root feeder, drawing the majority of its nutrition directly from the substrate. While it can survive in inert sand or gravel, its growth and vitality are significantly enhanced in a nutrient-rich environment, such as a specialized aquatic soil or a substrate supplemented with root-fertilizer tabs. It originates from regions with specific mineral content, so it appreciates water with some hardness and a neutral to slightly alkaline chemistry, which distinguishes it from many other aroids that prefer softer, acidic conditions. Although it tolerates low-light conditions and doesn't require CO₂ injection, providing moderate illumination and carbon dioxide will result in more robust and faster growth. Its growth rate is considered slow to moderate, meaning it won't quickly overrun a tank, allowing for deliberate aquascaping. Gentle water circulation is ideal, as it mimics the slow-moving streams of its native Asian habitat. As a midground plant, it provides excellent shelter for shy fish, fry, and invertebrates like shrimp.
Scientific Description
Cryptocoryne affinis is a well-documented species within the Araceae family, native to Peninsular Malaysia. Morphologically, it is a rosulate, rhizomatous herb. Its leaves, which can vary in form depending on environmental conditions, typically grow from a creeping rhizome buried in the substrate. In its natural habitat, C. affinis is often found in slow-flowing, clear-water streams and rivers that are typically rich in calcium, which explains its preference for moderately hard and alkaline water in aquaria. This ecological niche contrasts with many other members of its genus that are found in soft, acidic blackwater environments. Like many Cryptocoryne, it exhibits heterophylly, meaning its emersed and submerged leaf forms differ. The submerged form, common in aquariums, develops from a central rosette, while the emersed form can produce an inflorescence consisting of a spathe and spadix, though this is a rare event in submerged cultivation. Its classification as 'Vulnerable' on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is a point of significant concern. This status is primarily due to habitat loss and degradation within its native range, driven by deforestation, agriculture, and pollution. Consequently, a substantial portion of the C. affinis specimens available in the aquarium trade are sourced from aquaculture facilities rather than wild collection. This practice is crucial for conservation, as it reduces pressure on wild populations and ensures the long-term availability of this species for hobbyists and researchers alike.
Reproduction Description

Propagating the Malaysian Water Trumpet is a relatively straightforward process, though it requires patience due to the plant's moderate growth speed. The primary method of reproduction in an aquarium setting is asexual, occurring through the formation of runners from its creeping rhizome. These runners extend through the substrate and eventually develop into new, independent daughter plants. Sexual reproduction via the development of a flower-like spathe is exceptionally rare in fully submerged conditions and is not a practical method for hobbyists.

For successful propagation, allow the parent plant to become well-established in a nutrient-rich substrate. Healthy, mature plants are more likely to produce runners. Once a daughter plant has formed along a runner and developed several of its own leaves and a small root system, it can be separated. Using sterile aquascaping scissors or a sharp blade, carefully snip the rhizome connecting it to the parent plant. Gently uproot the new plantlet, taking care not to damage its delicate roots. Replant the division in the desired location, ensuring the crown—the point where the leaves emerge from the rhizome—is not buried beneath the substrate, as this can lead to rot.

Environmental factors are key to encouraging propagation and ensuring the survival of new plantlets. Stable water parameters, moderate lighting, and a nutrient-dense substrate or the use of root tabs will provide the energy needed for the plant to spread. Be prepared for the possibility of a minor 'melt' after separating and replanting, as the new plantlet adjusts to its location. As long as the small rhizome is healthy and firm, it will typically recover and produce new leaf growth within a few weeks.



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